On April 8 a bibliographic lesson "Brest Fortress-Hero" from the cycle of classes "Let's try to be worthy of their Great Victory", implemented by the National Library of Belarus for the 80th anniversary of the Great Victory jointly with the education departments of Minsk, was held for students of grades 10–11 of the secondary school No.153 A.K. Talai in Minsk.
On June 22, 1941, the Brest Fortress became one of the most persistent pockets of resistance on the western border of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. The heroic defense of the Brest fortress lasted 32 days. 3,500 Soviet soldiers opposed the 16,000 Reich army storming the fortress, which outnumbered our forces four times. Brest and the entire territory of Belarus were liberated after 3 long years, 1 month and 6 days full of heroism and suffering of the Soviet people. By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on May 8, 1965 The Belarusian citadel was awarded the title of "Hero Fortress" with the award of the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal. Having survived the fires of two world wars, today the Brest Fortress is a place of memory and peace for us.
The bibliographic lesson is based on the materials of a topographic file about the defenders of the citadel, which became the first step towards the defeat of the Reich. Purposefully selecting materials published in 1948–1979 on the pages of collections ("War and People", "We are the Young Guard", "Victory"), newspapers ("For the Glory of the Motherland", "Dawn", "Banner of Youth", "Izvestia", "Pravda", "Rural Newspaper", "Soviet Belarus") and magazines ("Don", "Master of the Forest", "Ogonyok", "Yunost") we wanted the project participants to pick up the publications that held the hands of the generation of survivors of that terrible war…
Methodological techniques used during the lesson: a minute of silence, audio accompaniment, an excursion, an information message, a presentation, viewing the expositions "The Language of military illustration" and "Autographs of Courage", a bibliographic review of literature, handouts for independent work with an accompanying bibliography, reading poems and an excerpt from the work of Boris Vasiliev "Was not listed":
An incredibly thin, ageless man stood at the entrance to the basement. <...> And the German general, after a little hesitation, raised his hand to his cap. <...> And he, swaying, slowly walked through the ranks of the enemies, who were now giving him the highest military honors.
He opened our lesson "Pre-war waltz" (music by P. Aedonitsky, words by F. Laube):
Year forty-first, beginning of June.The bibliographic lesson contributed to the formation of the information culture of users through the prism of patriotic education. We studied the elements of the bibliographic description of books, newspaper articles, essays and poems published in magazines and collections from the pages of biographies of the defenders of the Brest Fortress and poetic works dedicated to them.
Still alive, still alive,
Still alive, all, all, all...
In our memory today and forever
They're all alive, they're all alive,
They are all alive, everything, everything...
The practical part included working with newspaper and magazine files, discussing articles about the heroes of the Belarusian citadel, and reading poems. High school students flipped with interest through the yellowed pages of periodicals of those years when the memory of the most terrible war in the history of mankind was still bleeding… The example of the defenders of the Brest Fortress, whose exceptional fortitude and courage is a symbol of heroism, loyalty to the oath and love for the Motherland, is indispensable in the patriotic education of young people.
The silence on the border was amazing that night… In the morning, the fortress was burning… Gunner Boris Abramov was wounded on the first morning of the war, and the second turned into a long nightmarish life for him in fascist captivity in Kobrin, Brest, Sedlce, Byala Podlaska, Ponyatovo, Demblin, Lublin.... The war found Vladimir Abyzov from Noginsk, Moscow region (he died in one of the counterattacks in the Kobrin direction) on the Central fortification of the fortress, Samvel Matevosyan at the Western Gate, Vasily Bytko (posthumously awarded the Order of the Great Patriotic War I degree) in an apartment house outside the Northern Gate of the fortress.
Junior Sergeant Konstantin Novikov took the first blow of the Nazi hordes early in the morning on June 22, 1941 with the detachment of the 132nd battalion of the NKVD convoy troops in strengthening the first frontal wall from the Bug. Sergey Kuvalin, awarded by the People's Commissar of Defense of the USSR with the badge "Excellent Student of the Red Army", with a group of soldiers held the line in the building of the White Palace for six days and was the last to go to the three-arched gate from the building destroyed to the ground.
The bloody dawn on June 22, 1941 cut short the young life of Khalil Gamzat-oglu Akhverdiyev, full of strength and importance, who was sent to serve in the Brest garrison (84th Infantry Regiment of the 6th Infantry Division), which was located in the area of the Kholm Gate of the fortress. In peacetime, Khalil Akhverdiyev – Mustafayev's daughter Ophelia Khalid-kyzy visited the Brest fortress with her children and grandchildren and donated her father's personal belongings to the museum (a folk string instrument, pocket watch, bibs of his horse, a copper bowl from which Khalil drank water for the last time going to serve in Brest).
Heroes of the Soviet Union M.I. Budenkov and P.M. Gavrilov, military commissar and deputy head of the Brest Military Hospital for political affairs N.S. Bogateev, General M.E. Kozyr, veteran of the 732nd anti-aircraft Artillery regiment A.I. Belyaeva (Stepankova), head of the border post V.A. Krasilnikov, courageous defenders made an invaluable contribution to the Victory Z. Andreeva, A. Naganov, M.I. Myasnikov.
Marshal of the Soviet Union Konstantin Rokossovsky greatly respected the legendary fortress scout Viktor Mishenin, who masterfully played the violin, who promptly extracted data behind enemy lines for 12 days. On July 28, the scarlet banner of the Soviet Country fluttered over Brest, and on March 24, 1945, communist V.P. Mishenin was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union by Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. The peaceful sky obliges us to follow their example!
The bibliographic review of the literature for 1948–2017 included works about the heroism of the women of the Brest fortress "Song of the unconquered" (S. Bobrenok), the documentary story of the Hero of the Soviet Union, former commander of the 44th Infantry Regiment Pyotr Gavrilov "The Fortress is Fighting" (lit. entry by A.Makarenko), translated from Georgian memoirs "Days in the Brest fortresses" (A. Kalandadze), a story about the participation of children in the defense of the Brest fortress in 1941. "A big day in the life of Kostya (A. Kardashova), the story "The Fortress takes the fight" (S. Smirnov), the novel "Was not on the list" (B. Vasiliev), essays – "Brest Fortress" (V. Peskov), "The First days" (A. Kochetkov), "Son of the defender of Brest" (D. Ivanov), "Brest Fortress" (M. Zlatogorov), "Brest Fortress – hero" (V. Anikin), "The Word about comrades" (S. Bobrenok), "Restless Hearts" (M. Zlatogorov), "A Big day in the life of Kostya" (A. Kardashova), "Brest Fortress" (V. Knyazyuk), "19 days in the Brest Fortress" (I. Kosov; lit. recording by M. Ametistov), "Children of Fortress" (A. Makhnach), "The Last Call" (V. Rudov), "Brest Fortress" (S. Smirnov), "Kazakhstanis – defenders of the Brest fortress" (N. Shakhov) and other works.
During the inspection of the expositions "The Language of military illustration" and "Autographs of Courage", attention was focused on: lithographs by Yuri Zaitsev "Defenders of Brest" (1984), paintings by Ivan Akhremchik "Defenders of the Brest Fortress" (1957–1958) and Peter Durchin "Brest Fortress" (1957), works – "Heroic Defense of the Brest Fortress".
High school students got to know the National Library of Belarus as the main book treasury, received information about the rules for registration in the library and attending socio-cultural events.
The cycle of classes "Let's try to be worthy of their Great Victory", dedicated to the 80th anniversary of the Great Victory, includes bibliographic lessons: "Reference literature about the Heroes of the Great Patriotic War", "Internationalist soldiers in the liberation of Belarus from Nazi invaders", "Brest Hero – Fortress ", "Heroes of the Soviet Union who liberated Belarus: on the pages of printed documents and electronic resources", "Biographical and bibliographic information about the Hero of the Soviet Union Mamadali Topvaldiyev".
You can order a full cycle or a separate lesson by phone: (37517) 293 27 40, (37529) 198 41 83.
E-mail: polunchenkoolga@yandex.by
The material was prepared by Department of Reference and Information Services.
