Trampolining, or trampoline gymnastics is an Olympic sport in which athletes compete in performing acrobatics while bouncing on a trampoline including rhythmic jumps with rotations without delays or intermediate jumps.
The trampoline traces its history since ancient times: the representatives of the peoples of the Far North threw warriors and hunters on the strained skins of marine animals, which contributed to the development of their agility and jumping ability. The predecessor of the modern trampoline can be considered a safety net, used by circus gymnasts in their performances. The development of technology the folding net has led to the creation of a trampoline and the emergence of a new sport.
The modern trampolining appeared due to American gymnasts George Peter Nissen and Laurens (Larry) V. Griswold. In the mid 1930s Nissen and Griswold built a prototype of a trampoline made from tarpaulin attached to an iron frame with rubber harnesses, and used it to train and organize entertainment at fairs and carnivals in the USA and Mexico.
George Nissen in the 1950s Source: https://www.sandiegoreader.com
Larry Griswold. Source: https://alchetron.com
During the Second World War, trampolining was used for the training of military pilots. In the mid-1950s trampolining begin to develop intensively in Western Europe. In 1959, the International Gymnastics Federation applied for recognition of trampolining as a new type of gymnastics all-round.
In 1964 the International Trampoline Federation was created. In the same year, the first World Championship took place in London. The first world champions in trampolining were the Americans Dan Millman and Judy Wills Cline.
Dan Millman and Judy Wills are the first world trampoline champions (1964). Source: http://www.trampolinepundit.com
In 1985 trampolining were included in the programme of the 1985 World Games. In 1988 the International Olympic Committee recognized the International Trampoline Federation, which contributed to the inclusion of trampolining in the programme of Olympic sports.
At the 2000 Olympics in Sydney, the first medals were played in trampoline competitions. The first Olympic champions were Irina Karavaeva and Alexander Moskalenko, representing the Russian team.
Irina Karavaeva. Source: https://ria.ru
Alexander Moskalenko - Sydney Olympic champion and Athens silver medalist. Source: https://www.championat.com
The interest in trampolining arose in the mid-1930s. In 1936–1940 the trampoline was used as an aid in training gymnasts and acrobats, as well as in training pilots and parachutists. In the mid-1950s trampolining began to engage in Vitebsk, Minsk and Gomel as some kind of acrobatics.
In 1966 Vladimir Schwalbo began his coaching work in Vitebsk.
Vladimir Schwalbo. Source: http://www.school12.vitebsk.by
By the early 1970s the winners and prize-winners of the republican and All-Union competitions were the Vladimir Schwalbo’s trainees Valery Vagel, Valery Yanushkovsky, Vladimir Ladunkin and Tatyana Chumina. In 1976 Tatyana Mamai became the European Junior Champion in synchronized trampolining, a pair of Tatyana Chumina and Tatyana Mamai won three gold medals at the USSR Championship in individual and synchronized trampolining. In the 1980s the winners and prize-winners of the World, Europe and the USSR Championships were Liliya Ivanova, Natalia Glinina and Tatiana Chumina.
In 1993, Dmitry Polyarush and Nikolai Kazak became European champions, Vera Pischeiko, Galina Lebedeva and Marina Nikitina won bronze medals. In 1994 the men's team became the World Champion, in 1996 and 1998 it won silver medals. In 1996 the women's team became the bronze medalist, and in 1998 it took the 2nd place.
Belarusian trampoline team at the 1998 World Championships in Sydney. On the photo: head coach Valery Vagel, championship participants Evgeny Belyaev, Nikolai Kazak, Galina Lebedeva, Vladimir Kakorko and Oleg Bondarik (1998, BelTA). Source: http://www.stranicysporta.belta.by
Galina Lebedeva and Nikolai Kazak (2003, BelTA). Source: http://www.stranicysporta.belta.by
At the 2000 Olympic Games in Sydney the first trampoline competitions were held. Dmitry Polyarush took the 5th place. In 2004 Dmitry performed at the 2004 Olympics in Athens, where he was the fourth.
At the 2016 Olympics in Rio de Janeiro the Vitebsk athlete Vladislav Goncharov became the first Belarusian Olympic champion in trampoline.
Vladislav Goncharov, Olympic champion in trampolining (2016). Source: http://www.belta.by
National trampoline team
Along with such titled athletes as Nikolai Kazak and Tatyana Petrenya, young high-potential athletes, International Master of Sports, Vladislav Goncharov, Oleg Ryabtsev, Anna Gorchenok (Goncharova) and Maria Maharinskaya are members of the national trampoline team.
Logo of the Belarusian Gymnastics Association. Source: http://www.bga.by
Popular organization and development of acrobatic gymnastics in the Republic of Belarus, the preparation of athletes, the organization and holding of different competitions is engaged in the public organization "Belarusian Gymnastics Association" (OO "BAG"). It brings together athletes, coaches, judges and specialists in gymnastic sports: gymnastics, rhythmic gymnastics, acrobatics, sports aerobics, trampolining and gymnastics. Official website: http://www.bga.by
In June 2015 Vladislav Goncharov won the silver medal in individual trampolining, a pair of Goncharov and Kazak took 2nd place in synchronized competition. In the women's individual trampolining, Anna Gorchenok won the bronze medal.
Vladislav Goncharov and Nikolai Kazak won a silver at the 2015 European Games in synchronized trampolining (2015, BelTA). Source: http://www.stranicysporta.belta.by
Vladislav Goncharov. Source: http://www.bga.by
Vladislav Goncharov (02.12.1995, Vitebsk). International Master of Sports in trampolining, champion of the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, champion and medalist of the World and European Championships, two-time silver medalist of the 2015 European Games.
Nikolai Kazak. Source: http://www.bga.by
Nikolai Kazak (08.09.1977, Vitebsk). International Master of Sports in trampolining, multiple winner and medalist of the World Championships in trampoline, silver medalist of the 2015 European Games.
Anna Gorchenok. Source: http://people.vlib.by
Anna Gorchenok (11.02.1992, Vitebsk). International Master of Sports in trampolining, champion and medalist of World and European Championships, bronze medalist of the 2015 European Games.
Information resources:
- ОО «Белорусская ассоциация гимнастики» (БАГ) http://www.bga.by/rus/trumpling/
- Государственное учебно-спортивное учреждение «Витебская специализированная детско-юношеская школа олимпийского резерва № 1» http://sportshkola1.by/batytinfo.html
