Badminton is sports game with a feathered ball (shuttlecock) and a racket. Athletes are located on opposite sides of the playground, divided by a net. Two players or two pairs (including mixed doubles) of players can participate in a match.
Badminton is one of the oldest games. Its story begins from the ancient shuttlecock game. The first mentions of badminton are found in Chinese manuscripts of 1122 BC. Indian rock carvings of the shuttlecock are more than 2000 years old. In Japan there was a game "Oybane" ("flying feather"), which consisted in throwing a shuttlecock made of several feathers and cherry bone with wooden rackets.
Shuttlecock game. Postcard " Shuttlecock game" from the NLB collections
Over time the shuttlecock game became known in Europe. There are English medieval engravings depicting peasants flinging a shuttlecock to each other. The game with a shuttlecock received wide popularity in medieval France, where it was called “jeu de paume” (“palm game”). The popularity of this game is evidenced by the mention of it in the works by Friedrich Schiller, François Rabelais, Victor Hugo and Émile Zola.
Women playing in "Racket and shuttlecock" game (1620). http: //1400.рф
In 1650, the Queen of Sweden built a court near her palace in Stockholm, where she played a “feather ball” with courtiers and guests from other countries. At the beginning of the 18th century the "battledore and shuttlecock" game, which in many ways resembled modern badminton, was very common in the USA. In the 18th century they played this game at the court of Russian Empress Catherine the Great.
"Le Jeu du Volant" (Flying Game). End of the 17th century. http://1400.рф
The shuttlecock game has become very popular in England. The name "badminton" comes from Badminton House, the residence of the Duke Beaufort in Gloucestershire, where the "flying game" appeared by the end of the 1850s a new version. In 1860, Isaac Spratt published the book, where the first rules of badminton were described.
Modern badminton appeared in 1872 due to English officers who served in India, who brought racquets and balls with feathers in England. In March 1898 the first official tournament was held at the Badminton estate, in April 1899 the first open championship of England was held.
Rackets for shuttlecock game of 1880. http://1400.рф
On July 5, 1934 the International Badminton Federation (IBF) was created. In 2006, IBF changed its name and is now called the Badminton World Federation (BWF). The Federation organizes competitions, the main of which is the Thomas Cup for the national men's teams. For the first time the Thomas Cup (named after the former IBF President) was held in 1948. A similar tournament among women's teams is the Uber Cup (named after the famous IBF woman figure) has been held since 1956.
George Thomas is the founder and first IBF president. The “Badminton” Book
The individual European Badminton championship is held since 1968, the team European Badminton championship is held since 1972. In 1977 the first official world championship took place. Today badminton is an Olympic sport. Badminton appeared in the Olympics programme in 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona. In 1996 the badminton competition calendar was expanded by introducing mixed doubles.
The 1957 World Festival of Youth and Students in Moscow gave rise to the development of the Soviet badminton. In 1961 the All-Union Badminton Federation was established. Honored Artist of the RSFSR, Nikolai Ruban, became its first chairman was.
Soviet badminton players
Badminton appeared in Belarus in 1960 thanks to Dmitry Boldyrev, a journalist from a sportive journal. The Badminton Federation of the BSSR was created at the beginning of 1962, the first championship of Minsk was held in November 1962, then the first Republican championship was held in Mogilev. In 1963 the Belarusian team took part in the first badminton championship of the USSR.
In 1968 the Belarusian national team was headed by the USSR Master of Sports Vladimir Livshits. In 1971 the BSSR team consisting of Vladimir Andropov, Vladimir Roizman, Semyon Rozin, Lyudmila Kosse, Anatoly Skripko, Tatyana Kochetkova and Tatyana Shmakova won the USSR Badminton Cup. In March 1972 Belarusian athletes won four gold and three silver medals at the USSR Championship.
Anatoly Skripko, multiple champion of Belarus and the USSR. The "Badminton" book
Svetlana Belyasova - athlete of the year of the Mogilev region (1981). The "History of Mogilev Jewry" book
In 1980 and 1982 the BSSR team became national champion. Viktor Konakh, Larisa Rogova (Rogatneva), Valery Sterzhanov, Mikhail Korshuk, Yevgeny Dayanov, Tatyana Gerasimovich became masters of sports of the USSR. Svetlana Zilberman (Belyasova), multiple champion of the BSSR, seventeen-time champion of the USSR, three-time bronze medalist of the European Championship, achieved the greatest success in the international arena as part of the USSR national teams.
The honored coaches of Belarus are Vladimir Livshits, Mikhail Zilberman, Viktor Konakh and Marat Olbinsky.
Belarusian badminton players Vlada Chernyavskaya and Mikhail Korshuk competed for the national team at the 1996 Summer Olympics. Olga Konon, Nadezhda Kostyuchik, Alesia Zaitseva and Andrei Konakh have achieved the best sporting results in the history of sovereign Belarus. Nadezhda Kostyuchik and Olga Konon became European junior champions. At the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing in 2008 Olga Konon took the 9th place, at the 2012 Olympics in London in 2012 Alesia Zaitseva occupied the 33rd position.
Zaitseva Alesia. http://zviazda.by
At the 2nd European Games the national team of Belarus will be represented by Alesia Zaitseva, Anastasia Chernyavskaya, Kristina Silich, Yulia Bitsukova, Maryana Verbitskaya, Uliana Zakharova, Ekaterina Zablotskaya, Andrei Kravchenko and Ilya Laryushin.
Modern Belarusian badminton players
The main functions of the public association "Belarusian Federation of Badminton" (BFB), established in 1992, are: popularization and development of badminton in the Republic of Belarus, training of high-level athletes, organization and holding of various badminton competitions. Official website: http://belarusbadminton.by
Literature:
- В игре стремительный волан / А. В. Скрипко, В. С. Шульман. – Минск, 1990. – С. 11–30, 132–142.
- Белорусский олимпийский учебник : учебное пособие для студентов учреждений высшего образования по специальностям физической культуры, спорта и туризма : (с электронным приложением) / [М. Е. Кобринский и др.]. – 2-е изд., переработанное и дополненное. – Минск, 2012. – С. 174–177.
- Спортивные и подвижные игры и методика преподавания : курс лекций / Министерство образования Республики Беларусь, Учреждение образования «Витебский государственный университет им. П. М. Машерова», Кафедра спортивно-педагогических дисциплин ; [составители: А. В. Железнов и др.]. – Витебск : ВГУ, 2018. – С. 22–24.
Information resources:
- Белорусская федерация бадминтона http://belarusbadminton.by/
- Главное управление спорта и туризма Мингорисполкома http://minsksport.by/ru/badm
- Исторический клуб «Кемпен» (Россия) http://1400.рф/historicalinfo/issues/battledore_shuttlecockshuttlecock/
